Trees and plants within cities help mitigate air pollution by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. They also act as natural air filters, trapping dust and particulate matter. Furthermore, green spaces can lower temperatures in urban areas through the process of evapotranspiration, reducing the urban heat island effect, where cities become significantly warmer than their surrounding rural areas.

Access to green spaces has been linked to various health benefits. Studies show that people living near parks and green areas tend to have lower rates of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Regular exposure to nature can reduce stress and improve mood, leading to overall better mental well-being. Additionally, these spaces encourage physical activity, providing areas for walking, jogging, cycling, and other forms of exercise, which are essential for maintaining good health.